Azure Synapse Analytics · Rate Limits

Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics Rate Limits

Azure Synapse Analytics has two layers of limits. (1) The management/control plane flows through Azure Resource Manager (ARM) and is throttled via the standard ARM token-bucket algorithm (250-token read bucket / 25 per sec; 200-token write bucket / 10 per sec per subscription per region). (2) The data plane has workload-specific limits — Dedicated SQL Pool concurrency by DWU (e.g., DW100c = 4 concurrent queries; DW30000c = 128 concurrent queries), Serverless SQL Pool query duration cap, Apache Spark Pool node cap per workspace, and Pipelines concurrency caps. Many limits can be raised by support request.

7 Limits Throttle: 429
AnalyticsApache SparkBig DataData IntegrationData WarehouseETLSQLRate Limiting

Limits

ARM management plane reads (token bucket) subscription/region
requests_per_second · second
25
250-token bucket; 25/sec refill.
ARM management plane writes (token bucket) subscription/region
requests_per_second · second
10
200-token bucket; 10/sec refill.
Dedicated SQL Pool concurrent queries (DW100c) dedicated-sql-pool
concurrent_queries
4
Concurrency scales with DWU. DW100c=4, DW1000c=32, DW30000c=128.
Dedicated SQL Pool concurrency slots dedicated-sql-pool
concurrency_slots
4
DW100c=4 slots; DW1000c=40; DW30000c=1200. Each query consumes slots based on resource class.
Serverless SQL Pool query duration workspace
minutes_per_query · minute
30
Maximum query duration is 30 minutes; long-running queries are auto-killed.
Apache Spark Pool node count workspace
nodes_per_pool
200
Default cap of 200 nodes per Spark pool; raise via support request.
Synapse Pipelines concurrent activities workspace
concurrent_activities
1000
Default integration-runtime concurrent-activity cap; raise via support.

Policies

Pause to control concurrency cost
Dedicated SQL Pools billed by DWU-hour can be paused; metadata is preserved and storage continues to bill, but compute charges stop.
Resource class governance (10928 / 10936)
SQL Pools enforce concurrency via static or dynamic resource classes (smallrc, mediumrc, largerc, xlargerc). Exceeding limits returns SQL error 10928.
ARM token-bucket retry
For management-plane 429s, honor Retry-After and use SDK auto-retry.
Serverless query result-set size
Serverless SQL Pool returns a result-set up to ~200 GB or 30-minute duration, whichever first. Use CETAS / external tables for larger output.
Limit increase via support
Workspace, pool, and concurrent-activity caps are soft and can be raised via Azure support tickets.

Sources